Dogs Diet

Nutrition For Your Healthy Dog

No one can say how long an individual dog will live. But he is your dog, your faithful friend and so you obviously want to have him with you as long as possible.

It has been recognised by Veterinary Surgeons for some time that a dog's diet can play an important part in maintaining your dog's health and vitality. Certain nutrient changes are needed throughout your dogs life, what is right for a puppy can be harmful to the older dog.

There are a number of specially formulated premium foods, which have been specially formulated, to ensure health growth and keep him healthy at each stage of his life. An example of the Veterinary formulated diets is the Royal Canin diet which we can advise you on at Abbey Vets. We will be able to give you the advice of the appropriate diet for your puppy or dog. For a long time Vets and nutritionist's have been recommending to feed a commercially produced food, especially a premium food rather than home made diets, which unless carefully formulated can be potentially harmful for your dog.

As a general guide, puppies require more: calcium and phosphorus to help build strong bones; protein to help develop strong muscles, more calories for increased energy expenditure and fatty acids for a healthy coat, they need more of these than mature dogs do. It has also been shown that large breed puppies have different nutritional needs.

The Pregnant and Nursing Bitch

Should be fed a diet almost identical to the puppies diet as she is providing so much of the nourishment for the pups at this time, energy rich formulation will help to maintain her own body weight.

The Adult Dog

Control of excessive nutrients is vital for an adult dog, so reducing the levels of nutrients than those of a puppy is vital. Carefully controlled levels of essential fatty acids for a healthy glossy coat, high-quality protein to maintain muscles, and sensible levels of calcium and phosphorus for strong bones and teeth. Excess levels of sodium and phosphorus should be avoided.

The Less Active or Weight Prone Dog

Being overweight puts potentially dangerous stress on every bone, muscle and organ, including the heart in your dog's body.

A specially formulated fibre rich, calorie reduced diet is essential to help prevent obesity in some dogs. Some breeds are genetically predisposed to becoming overweight, and some neutered animals are also at risk from becoming obese.

Feeding an appropriate 'light' diet will help your dog to feel full and satisfied and reduce the intake of calories at the same time, this will keep your dog, happy and healthy and stop you from feeding guilty about reducing the quantity of foods given. The other benefit is it also maintains all of the other essential nutrients required by an adult dog.

For the Active or Nervous dog

Active working or nervous dogs need a diet rich in energy giving fats to keep them at the peek of fitness. A diet that provides a balance of all of the other nutrients for an adult dog whilst increasing the intake of calories is also useful for the nervous and finicky eater who may only eat a small amount.

As dogs get older, the kidney function often declines. An excessive intake of phosphorus can lead to further kidney damage, and too much salt can contribute to higher blood pressure, which may make heart or kidney problems worse. A carefully controlled diet in all of these nutrients is required for the older dog, to help keep your companion as long as possible.

Table of nutrient requirements for different life-stages
Nutrient Requirements	Puppy Weaning to 9months. Small breeds. Pregnant and nursing bitch	Puppy Weaning to 18 months. Larger breeds	Adult dogs From maturity to 5-7 years	For the less active/Weight prone adult dog	For the active/ nervous dog	For the older dog from 5-7 years (larger breeds) From 7 years (smaller breeds)
Fat - energy			Optimum
Protein			Optimum
Fibre			Optimum
Calcium			Optimum
Phosphorous			Optimum
Sodium			Optimum

General feeding guide

When switching your dog to any new food, gradually introduce it over a 5-day period. Mix it with your dog's former food, gradually increasing the proportion until only the new food is being fed.
You can tell if your dog is the ideal weight when you can feel, but not see his ribs. To be sure of his ideal weight consult the Veterinary Surgery.
Keep fresh water available at all times.
If you are switching from a canned food to a dry food, expect your pet to drink a lot more water, most commercially produced tinned food is made up of over 80%, which provides a large amount of drinking water for your dog.
Your dog's activity level, life-stage and temperament can affect how much and what he need to eat, we will advise you on the most appropriate dog diet.
The best way to measure the quality of a pet food is to measure what goes in compared to what is passed out. Many inexpensive pet food, provide a lot of fillers which may make it look good value, but a lot of the food is not utilised by the animal and there is more to clean up afterwards.
If your pet refuses to eat for more than 48 hours, discuss the problem with the Veterinary Surgeon immediately
If you are feeding a premium or commercially prepared pet food, it is not necessary to give any additional supplements; in fact this may do more harm than good.
Most feeding guides on pet food are to be used as a guide only. The Veterinary Surgery will advise you on the most appropriate amount for your dog

Prescription Nutrition For Your Dog

We have over time become use to advances in medicine for ourselves and in changes in Veterinary medicine for our animals, new drugs for treatment and the management of diseases, new types of surgical procedures. An area which has become significant in it's area of research in Veterinary medicine is: dog's diet in Prescription nutrition. In fact prescription nutrition for dogs is known to have been researched as far back as 1948 in the United States by a Vet called Dr Mark Morris. He created the first Prescription Diet product, a discovery that has lead to many different companies offering Prescription Diets for your pet, including Royal Canin, the brand that we recommend at our practice. Since then Prescription Nutrition has grown to be an important component of Veterinary medicine with innovative products that give sick and disease prone dogs and cats nutritional support during and after therapy.

Prescription Diets are only available through the Veterinary Surgeon and it is important that they are involved in the selection and monitoring of the diet, disease and your dog, so that the best prognosis can be achieved.

Different health problems require different forms of nutritional support. Researchers recognised the link between successful therapy and supportive nutrition years before researchers in human medicine reached the same conclusions and through Royal Canin we can ensure your pet receives the best nutritional support throughout each stage of their life.

A variety of formulas are available to support your dog including:

If your dog is diagnosed as having a disease or nutrition related disorder, it is comforting to know that, in many cases, a change in dogs diet really can help to manage and control the problem.

Help with switching your dogs food

If the Vet has recommended a change in your dog's food and he has been a creature of habit, you may need some help in switching to a new way of eating.

Gradually introduce the new food over a 5-10 day period, unless instructed otherwise by the Veterinary Surgeon.
Mix the new diet with your dog's former food, gradually increasing the proportion until only the new food is being fed.
Do not supplement your dog's new food unless instructed otherwise by the Veterinary Surgeon. Do not feed treats, snacks, table scraps, leftovers, or any food other than that which we recommends.
Keep a clean bowl of fresh water available at all times.

If your dog has trouble giving up his familiar food:

Warm canned food to body temperature (but not any hotter), before feeding.
Hand feed the new diet for the first few days.
Mix, the dry diet with a small amount of water and wait 10 minutes before serving.

If you are still experiencing difficulties, please discuss these with us.

Dog Weight Control

In the U.K alone, over 50% of dogs are overweight. The definition of which is, when a pets weight is up to 15% above it's ideal weight then it can be considered as being overweight. If it is more than 15% above it's ideal weight then it is considered to be obese.

What is the cause?

Weight gain in pets is normally as a result of an increase in body fat. The most common cause is a pet eating too many calories (just like ourselves) We often like to treat our pets, but sometimes giving them "human" treats such as crisps and chocolate can contain up to half of their daily required calorie in-take. Too many calories combined with a lack of exercise can also exacerbate the problem. If more energy is being gained from food than is being used, the surplus will be stored as fat.

Other causes, include:

Medical disorders - sometimes weight gain is associated with a medical disorder, which may require investigations and or treatment - speak to the vet.

Neutering or spaying - Pets, which have been neutered, have a higher risk of weight gain because of their altered metabolism. (However neutering has many other positive health benefits)

Age - Older pets are often less active and if so require fewer calories

Breeds -Some breeds are genetically predisposed to over eating and excessive weight gain - speak to the Vet, who will advise you.

How do I know if my dog is overweight?

The best thing to do is visit us, to have your dog assessed and weighed. Many practices offer pet weight control clinics as a free service, because they understand the importance of preventative health and your dogs weight could, be associated with some other health problems such as:

Other signs that your dog is overweight are:

You cannot feel your dog's ribs
Loss of your dog's waist and more bulk around their hips
Slow to move and difficulty in walking
No energy and sleeps a lot
Short of breath

How can I reduce my dog's weight without starving him?

Just reducing the amount of food your dog normally eats will usually fail, as your dog will become very hungry and will be begging for more food, the added problem is by decreasing the amount of their normal food, not only reduces the calorie content but also reduces all of the other vital nutrients, such as protein, vitamins and minerals.

Fortunately today, we have available to our pets special prescription diets which are carefully nutritionally balanced, yummy to eat, low in calories, available in canned and dry and make the dog feel full with fibre, so he will not continually badger you for more food (it is a pity that they have not produced one for people) The Veterinary Surgeon will be the best person to advise and support you through this process.

Useful tips while your dog is losing weight.

Work with the Veterinary Practice.

If we advise you to follow a particular health and weight programme do stick with it, so your dog will obtain the health benefits in the long term and you will have a happy, active dog.

Make every one in the family and neighbourhood aware, your dog is on a weight control programme and ask for their help. They could spoil a week's work with a few small titbits.

Do not overfeed the recommended amount, always follow the Vets advice or follow the guide on the side of the pack.

Do use an appropriate specially formulated food for weight loss. Many so-called "light foods" are only designed to prevent and maintain weight loss. They are not very effective at ensuring weight loss, safely, over the shortest period of time, speak to our Vet, who will advise you.

Feed your overweight dog separately from the other pets in the house.

Keep your dog out of the room when you are eating or preparing the families meals, to avoid them begging and you giving into temptation.

Reward your dog with cuddles, playing games or going for walks rather than with food. If you feel you have to give your pet a treat, hand feed him a small proportion of his diet food. Or ask our Vet about special prescription treats, which are low in calories.

Encourage, regular moderate exercise to improve your dog's health and well being and help control his weight. Do check with our Vet if you are planning a new health regime.

Ensure your pet has a regular weight check at our practice to closely monitor his weight loss and obtain continued support and advice.

When your dog has achieved his goal, do continue to feed your dog on an appropriate lower calorie maintenance food to help prevent the extra weight returning. You have done extremely well; do not undo all of your hard work.

Achievement

When you and your dog have achieved your goal, you will both benefit from a whole new lease of life, your dog will feel happy, healthy and fit again and you will have your bouncy puppy like dog again. Well done.